The Creation Of The Negro
Compiled by Ayinde
Extracts from: The name "negro" its origin and evil use by Richard B. Moore 

The Creation Of The Negro

The name that you respond to determines the amount of your self worth. Similarly, the way a group of people collectively respond to a name can have devastating effects on their lives, particularly if they did not choose the name. Asians come from Asia and have pride in the Asian race' Europeans come from Europe and have pride in Europe accomplishments. Negroes, I am to assume, come from negroland-a mythical country with an uncertain past and an even more uncertain future. Since negroland is a myth, where did the myth of the negro originate? The key to understanding what a negro is, is to understand the definition of that word and its origin.

The word negro is Spanish for black. The Spanish language comes from Latin, which has its origins in Classical Greek. The word negro, in Greek, is derived from the root word necro, meaning dead. What was once referred to as a physical condition is now regarded as an appropriate state of mind for millions of Africans.

Historically when the Greeks first traveled to Africa 2,500 years ago, the Egyptian civilization was already ancient. The Great Pyramid was over 3,000 years old and the sphinx was even older. Writing, science, medicine and religion were already a part of the civilization and had reached their zenith. The Greeks came to Africa as students to sit at the feet of the masters, and to discover what Africans already knew. In any student / teacher relationship the teacher can only teach as much as the student is capable of understanding.

Egyptians, like other Africans, understood that life existed beyond the grave. Ancestral worship is a way of acknowledging the lives of the people who have come before you, and their ability to offer guidance and direction to the living. Temples were designed as places where the ancestors could be honored and holidays (Holy Days) where the ancestors could be honored, and holidays (Holy Days) were the days designated to do so.

The Egyptians had hundreds of temples and hundreds of Holy Days to worship their ancestors. The Greeks thought the Africans had a preoccupation with death. The act of ancestral worship became known as necromancy or communication with the dead. The root word necro means dead. Another word for necromancy is magic - that Old Black Magic which was practiced in Ancient Africa. When the Greeks returned to Europe, they took their distorted beliefs with them and the word negro evolved out of this great misunderstanding.

Less than 300 years after the first Greeks came to Egypt as students, their descendants returned as conquerors. They destroyed the cities, temples and libraries of the Egyptians and claimed African knowledge as their own.

Not only was the African legacy stolen, but also the wholesale theft of African people soon followed. With the birth of the slave trade, it became necessary to dehumanize Africans and devalue their historical worth as a people in order to ensure their value as slaves.

So there you have it, the negro - a race of dead people with a dead history and no hope for resurrection as long as they remained ignorant of their past. This was a triple death - the death of the mind, body, and spirit of the African people.

It was strictly forbidden for negro slaves to learn to read and write. Such knowledge was the key to liberation and was placed firmly out of reach. As negroes became educated, however, they sought to redefine themselves.

The evolution of the word negro from colored, to black, to African represents a progression of self-awareness. As a free people, we have a responsibility to educate ourselves and rediscover our Identities. Knowledge of self is the key to unlocking the door to the future.
From http://negroartist.com/negro%20artist/presence%20africaine/index.htm 

A Invenção do Negro

O nome ao qual você atende determina a quantia do valor que você atribui a si próprio. Similarmente, o modo como um grupo de pessoas coletivamente responde a um nome pode ter efeitos devastadores em suas vidas, particularmente se eles não escolheram o nome. Os asiáticos provêm da Ásia e têm orgulho da raça asiática. Os europeus provêm da Europa e têm orgulho das realizações da Europa. Os negros, eu devo supor, provêm da negrolândia - um país mítico com passado incerto e futuro mais incerto ainda. Uma vez que a negrolândia é um mito, de onde o mito do negro se originou? A chave para entender o que um negro é está em entender a definição daquela palavra e sua origem.

A palavra negro é [a palavra] espanhola para preto. A língua espanhola provem do latim, que tem suas origens na Grécia Clássica. A palavra negro, em grego, é derivada do radical necro, que significa morto. O que em alguma época passada era definido como uma condição física é atualmente considerado um estado apropriado para milhões de africanos.

Historicamente quando os gregos viajaram pela primeira vez para a África há 2500 anos atrás, a civilização egípcia já era antiga. A Grande Pirâmide tinha mais de 3000 anos de idade e a esfinge era ainda mais antiga. A escrita, a ciência, a medicina e a religião já eram parte da civilização e tinham chegado ao seu zênite. Os gregos chegaram à África como estudantes para sentarem-se aos pés dos mestres, e descobrir o que os africanos já sabiam. Em qualquer relação entre estudante/professor, o professor pode apenas ensinar o quanto o estudante é capaz de entender.

Os egípcios, como outros africanos, entendiam que a vida existia além do túmulo. A adoração dos ancestrais é uma forma de conhecer as vidas das pessoas que vieram antes de você, e sua habilidade de oferecer orientação e direção para o vivo. Templos eram desenhados como locais onde os ancestrais poderiam ser honrados e os feriados (Dias Santos) onde os ancestrais poderiam ser honrados, e feriados (Dias Santos) eram os dias designados para isso. 

Os egípcios tinham centenas de templos e centenas de Dias Santos para adorar seus ancestrais. Os gregos pensaram que os africanos tinham uma preocupação com a morte. O ato da adoração ancestral tornou-se conhecido como necromancia ou comunicação com o morto. O radical necro significa morto. Outra palavra para necromancia é mágica - aquela Antiga Magia Preta que fora praticada na África Antiga. Quando os gregos retornaram à Europa, eles levaram consigo seus entendimentos distorcidos e a palavra negro evoluiu a partir deste grande desentendimento.

Menos de 300 anos após os primeiros gregos chegarem ao Egito como estudante, seus descendentes voltaram como conquistadores. Eles destruíram as cidades, templos e livrarias dos egípcios e reclamaram o conhecimento africano como deles próprios.

Não somente fora o conhecimento africano furtado, mas também o completo roubo do povo africano logo se deu em seguida. Com o nascimento do comércio de escravo, tornou-se necessário desumanizar os africanos e desvalorizar seu orgulho histórico como um povo a fim de assegurar o valor deles como escravos.

De modo que você tem isso, o negro - uma raça de pessoas mortas com uma história morta e nenhuma esperança de ressurreição enquanto permanecerem ignorantes de seu passado. Esta foi uma tripla morte - a morte da mente, do corpo e do espírito do povo africano.

Foi estritamente proibido aos escravos negros aprender a ler e escrever. Tal conhecimento foi a chave para a libertação e foi colocada firmemente fora de alcance. Quando os negros tornaram-se educados, porém, buscaram redefinir-se.

A evolução da palavra negro a partir do de cor, para preto e para africano representa uma progressão de auto-consciência. Como um povo livre, nós temos a responsabilidade de educar a nós mesmos e redescobrir nossas Identidades. Conhecimento de si mesmo é a chave para abrir a porta do futuro.

Traduzido de
http://negroartist.com/negro%20artist/presence%20africaine/index.htm 

 

The name "negro" its origin and evil use, by Richard B. Moore 

Richard B. Moore (1893-1978)

Richard Benjamin Moore, lecturer, author, political activist, and book dealer, was born in Hastings, Christ Church, Barbados, on August 9, 1893. He was born into a prosperous middle-class family, and attended James J. Lynch’s Middle Class School, a self-defined institution. His childhood experiences included very few instances of racial discrimination possibly, because of his light complexion. 

Following the death of his father Richard Henry Moore, Moore and his immediate family relocated to the United States on July 4, 1909. Unknown to the Moore family, Richard Henry Moore had a number of outstanding debts, which upon his death forced their Christ Church home into foreclosure as they faced insolvency. They became some of the earliest blacks to settle in Harlem, New York, an emerging milieu of social, political, and Black Nationalist activism. 

Harlem introduced Moore to the realities of European colonialism in Africa and the Caribbean, as well as the injustices of Jim Crow and lynching in the American South. By his 22nd birthday Moore became a follower of Socialist and fellow West Indian émigré Hubert Henry Harrison. He became active in the 21st Assembly District Socialist Club in Harlem in 1915. 

By 1918 Moore was well known in Harlem through his speeches on street corners and in lecture halls where he combined elements of Black Nationalism and Marxism. His second wife, Lodie Biggs, joined him in this effort. 

Now considered one of the most radical black activists in the nation, in 1920 Moore was named by the U.S. Justice Department as a possible candidate for deportation. Nonetheless, he and partner W. A. Domingo launched The Emancipator, a magazine devoted to Marxism as the liberating ideology for African America. Although little is known due to its secretive nature, Moore was also involved in the African Blood Brotherhood (ABB) beginning in 1919. Two years later Moore and most of the ABB become the first African Americans to join the American Communist Party. Richard Moore remained in the Communist Party until 1942 when he was expelled for promoting a Black Nationalist agenda. 

In 1942 Moore turned his attention to his second passion, the collection and distribution of books on worldwide black history and culture. He opened the Frederick Douglass Book Center in Harlem which soon became regionally known for carrying rare texts on black people, previously considered extinct. 

In 1960, after investigating the etymology of the word “Negro,” Moore wrote The Name Negro: Its Origin and Evil Use which argued against the terms “Negro” and “colored” in referring to people of African descent. Instead, Moore prompted the term “Afro-American” should be used, considering “African American” awkward and unnecessary. 

Richard Benjamin Moore died on August 18, 1978, in Hastings, Christ Church, Barbados, the place of his birth. 

Sources:
Louis J. Parascandola, “Look for Me All Around You,” Anglophone Caribbean Immigrants in the Harlem Renaissance (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2005), pp. 227-29; Linden Lewis, “Richard B. Moore: The Making of A Caribbean Organic Intellectual,” Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 25, No. 5 (May, 1995), pp. 589-609 (Sage Publications, Inc.). 

Contributor(s):
Hurst, Ryan
University of Washington, Seattle